The new PSR compromise text preserves the immediate refund rule for unauthorised transactions on paper. But Article 56 may give banks a structured route to delay phishing refunds where they claim objectively justified suspicion of gross negligence. EFRI has long warned that Europe’s payment-fraud framework suffers from a structural protection
On 5 March 2026, Advocate General Athanasios Rantos delivered his Opinion in Case C-70/25, Tukowiecka, a case that could become highly important for victims of online banking fraud across the European Union. According to the Court of Justice press release, the Advocate General’s position is clear: a bank cannot refuse
As previously discussed, United Kingdom is undeniably the frontrunner in financial crime in Europe. Being one of the global headquarters for financial services comes with a high price for the British people. In 2023, according to the UK Finance Fraud Report 2024, Britons lost approximately £459.7 million to Authorised Push
